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Matelli M, Camarda R, Glickstein M, Rizzolatti G (1986) Afferent and efferent projections of the inferior area 6 in the macaque monkey. The eraser should be positioned at an angle to the stroke, as parallel movements could initially cause the stroke to smudge. The illusion condition was tested, but this time the participants were instructed to verbally report when the illusion started, and then stimulation was continued for 30 s after this response. The statistical images have limited resolution, and different groups of subjects were used in the two studies. To reveal activity related to the illusion after the key press, we compared the illusion condition to the two control conditions using the following contrast: (illusion - asynchronous) + (illusion - incongruent).

and neurons in this region integrate visual, tactile, and proprioceptive information from the hand ( Sakata et al. To obtain one value per participant that reflected the overall strength of illusion experienced during the illusion condition, we multiplied the vividness and continuance scores. In the “rubber-hand illusion,” the sight of brushing of a rubber hand at the same time as brushing of the person's own hidden hand is sufficient to produce a feeling of ownership of the fake hand.Likewise, the degree of activity in bilateral lobules VI was related to the strength of the illusion as reported by the participants. g., to generate an asynchronous stimulation) as well as the possibility of manual or automatic lateral shifting (e. This stimulation corresponds to the illusion condition as defined in the fMRI experiment described below. Participants who met inclusion/exclusion criteria were invited to the laboratory two times with a 24-hour interv The first statement, which was designed to correspond to the illusion, was (1) “I felt as if I was touching my right hand with my left index finger” (this is abbreviated as “touching own hand”) (see Figs.

The eraser can only carry out its task if the movements create a balanced ratio between graphite-free areas and areas containing graphite.We pointed out that the premotor cortex receives both visual and somatic information (Rizzolatti et al. T scanner (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) to acquire gradient echo, T2 *-weighted echo-planar images with blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast (BOLD) ( Kwong et al. Rizzolatti G, Fogassi L, Gallese V (2002) Motor and cognitive functions of the ventral premotor cortex. Racial prejudice is associated with a fundamental distinction between “us” and “them”—a distinction that has been linked to the degree of perceived overlap between cognitive representations of the self and others 1, 2.

cm), which corresponded to 26% of the distance between the index fingers of the rubber hand and the real hand. corrected), but we report it to illustrate the bilateral pattern of activity in the intraparietal cortex. The experimenter moved each participant's left index finger so that it touched the right rubber hand on the knuckle of the index finger, and at the same time, the experimenter touched the participant's right index finger on the knuckle, synchronizing the touches on the two hands as closely as possible.The differences in ratings between the illusion and the control statements were significant ( p < 0.

Carpenter K, Berti A, Oxbury S, Molyneux AJ, Bisiach E, Oxbury JM (1995) Awareness of and memory for arm weakness during intracarotid sodium amytal testing. Industrial Grips are injection moulded from hard rubber or soft plastic to provide a durable and practical solution to many applications. The experimenter moved the participant's left index finger so that it touched the right rubber hand on the knuckle of the index finger (metacarpophalangeal joint). The illusion comes on when the real and fake hands are stroked at the same time and speed for a minute or two.Craske B, Kenny FT, Keith D (1984) Modifying an underlying component of perceived arm length: adaptation of tactile location induced by spatial discordance. The results from the illusion questionnaire showed that the participants experienced the illusion ( Fig. Blakemore SJ, Frith CD, Wolpert DM (2001) The cerebellum is involved in predicting the sensory consequences of action. Bahrick LE, Watson JS (1985) Detection of intermodal proprioceptivevisual contingency as a potential basis of self-perception in infancy.